As you go through the incredible experience of pregnancy, your body changes dramatically to support your baby's growth and development. Amidst the excitement and anticipation, it's critical to be aware of potential health issues, such as urinary tract infections (UTIs).
What is a UTI?
A UTI is an infection that can affect any part of the urinary system, including the bladder and kidneys. Typically, bacteria from the digestive system enter the urinary tract and cause infection. During pregnancy, changes in your body increase the likelihood of developing a UTI. These changes include changes in urine composition, hormonal fluctuations, and bladder pressure as the baby grows.
Causes of UTIs
- The urinary system
Physical changes during pregnancy, such as uterine enlargement and the growing baby's pressure on the bladder, can obstruct normal urine flow. This obstruction creates an ideal environment for bacterial growth, increasing the risk of UTI.
- Hormonal changes
Pregnancy hormones, such as progesterone and estrogen, play an important role in fetal development and preparation for childbirth. However, hormonal changes can have an impact on the urinary tract, altering urine composition and reducing its ability to resist bacterial infections.
- Partially empty bladder
As the uterus expands during pregnancy, pressure builds up on the bladder, making it difficult to empty it fully. Incomplete bladder emptying causes urine to stagnate, creating an ideal environment for bacteria to multiply and cause UTIs.
Prevention
- Stay hydrated
- Drink plenty of fluids, particularly water, throughout the day to help remove bacteria from your urinary tract
- Aim for at least eight glasses of water per day, or more if you are physically active or in hot weather
- Practice good bathroom habits
- Urinate frequently and avoid holding it in for too long. To reduce the risk of bacterial growth, empty your bladder every time you urinate
- Maintain personal hygiene.
- Keep your genital area clean and dry. Avoid using harsh soaps, or feminine hygiene products, as these can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria.
- Wear cotton underwear and avoid tight-fitting clothing, as they can trap moisture and promote bacterial growth.
- Safe sex
- Urinate before and after sexual intercourse to help flush bacteria from the urethra.
- Follow guidelines:
- Attend all of your prenatal appointments and follow your doctor's instructions for routine urine tests.
- If you have a history of recurrent UTIs or other risk factors, talk to your doctor about preventive measures like prophylactic antibiotics.
Treatment
If you have signs/symptoms of a UTI while pregnant, seek medical attention right away. Your healthcare provider will perform a urine test to diagnose the infection and prescribe safe antibiotics to take while pregnant. An important note is to regularly follow up with your healthcare provider regarding your appointments, urine tests, etc. This is necessary to monitor your condition and adjust your treatment accordingly.
Remember that you are not alone in this incredible journey of motherhood. Your healthcare provider is with you every step of the way, offering guidance, reassurance, and personalized care. By being proactive and informed about UTIs during pregnancy, you can take control of your health and enjoy the joyous moments with confidence and peace of mind.
