Why is folic acid so important during pregnancy?

Pregnancy is a remarkable and transformational experience for both the expecting mother and her developing child. It is a time of deep change and growth, therefore the need for prioritising your health during this critical moment becomes essential. Folic acid, a B vitamin that is essential for the development of the baby and the mother's health, is one of the most important aspects of ensuring a good pregnancy.

Importance of Folic Acid

Folic acid, often known as vitamin B9, is an essential component required by the body for proper growth and development. Its significance increases during pregnancy because it plays a critical role in avoiding a category of birth malformations known as neural tube defects (NTDs). These conditions frequently arise in the early stages of pregnancy, before even knowing you are pregnant.

Neural Tube Defects (NTD)

Neural tube abnormalities are major birth anomalies that cause the baby's brain and spinal cord to develop improperly. These flaws can have a disastrous impact on a child's health and quality of life. The following are the most prevalent NTDs.

• Spina Bifida
  • This develops when the spinal cord and spinal column fail to close fully. The affected fetus may develop physical and neurological problems as a result of this condition.
• Anencephaly
  • A condition in which the skull, scalp, and brain do not correctly form. Unfortunately, newborns with anencephaly are usually born lacking a major piece of their brain and do not live for long.
• Encephalocele 
  • This is characterised by the protrusion of brain tissue through a hole in the skull, which frequently causes serious health problems and consequences.

Benefits of folic acid

• For the mommy
  • Anaemia
    • Folic acid is required for the development of normal red blood cells. The body undergoes major changes throughout pregnancy, and the requirement for red blood cells increases to sustain the growing baby. Folic acid supplementation can help avoid anaemia in pregnant women, lowering fatigue and weakness.
  • Preeclampsia 
    • This is a potentially serious disorder that causes high blood pressure and organ damage in pregnant women. Folic acid may help lessen the chance of getting preeclampsia, according to research.
  • Cell growth
    • Folic acid is essential for cell and tissue development. During pregnancy, a woman's body changes dramatically to accommodate and nourish the growing fetus. Folic acid is essential in this process because it allows the body to adapt properly.

• For the baby
  • Neural Tube Defects
    • The most important advantage of folic acid for babies is the prevention of neural tube abnormalities. When the neural tube fails to shut properly, significant permanent problems might occur. Expectant mothers can dramatically lower their chance of these catastrophic birth abnormalities by taking folic acid before and during pregnancy.
  • Birth issues
    • Folic acid may also help prevent birth malformations in a baby's mouth, such as cleft lip and palate, according to some research. These problems have an impact on the development of the baby's top lip and can cause physical and emotional difficulties.
  • Healthy cell growth
    • Folic acid is necessary for the formation of DNA, the genetic material that acts as the blueprint for a baby's growth and development. It is also important for cell growth and tissue synthesis, ensuring that the baby's organs and systems develop properly.

Sufficient folic acid intake

• A well-balanced diet is an excellent source of folic acid. 
  • Dark green vegetables like broccoli and spinach
  • Legumes like beans and peas, 
  • Fruits like citrus fruits and berries,
  • And fortified foods like bread, morning cereals, and pasta 

Are all natural sources of folate. While these sources supply critical nutrients, meeting the necessary daily consumption through diet alone might be difficult.

• Most expecting mothers may need to take a vitamin supplement to ensure adequate folic acid intake. Prenatal vitamins are carefully formulated to suit the increased nutritional demands of pregnancy, and they frequently include the recommended amount of folic acid. These supplements should not be used in place of a healthy diet, but rather to augment it. Many docotrs suggest taking folic acid before conceiving as well, to prevent your baby form developmental issues. Contact your medical practitioner in order to consider a healthy dosage of prenatal vitamins according to your pregnancy and body’s requirements.

Remember, folic acid is more than simply a vitamin; it is a lifeline for a healthy pregnancy. So, do not forget to incorporate folic acid into your daily routine and go on the path to a healthy, vibrant pregnancy and a brighter future for your little bundle of joy!